Solidworks Simulation

It is an easy to use portfolio of structural analysis tools that uses the FINITE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS method to predict a products real-world physical behavior by virtually testing CAD models, the portfolio provides linear ,,non linear static and dynamic analysis capabilities.x

CAE

computer aided engineering CAE is the method of using computers InDesign , analysis and manufacturing of a product , process ,or project. CAE often focuses on mechanical design an product development automation. Some f the most fimilar elements of CAE are surface and solid modeling and the Simulation , analysis , testing , and optimization of mechanical structures and systems using digital prototypes. FINITE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS is a process often associated with CAE about figure shows the golden ratio in objects

eg. of lower & higher pairs

A lower pair is one in which there occurs a surface or area contact between two members, e.g. nut and bolts in case of higher pairs there is line or point contact between two bodied for eg. cam & rocker arms

grinding valve seats

The valve seat grinder rotates a grinding stone of copper shape an valve seat. A pilot installed in the valve seat . This permits the stone to clear itself of grit & dust by centrifugal force . A steel scale can be used to measure measure seat width. When a new valve is installed it may too high above the seat . Then grind the seat slightly with a stone of the same seat angle

checking of leakage of valves

1. Check valve guides for wear, clean replace & ream for same size valve steam if necessary. 2. Check valves & valve seats. Clean valve heads & steam an a wire wheel. 3. Refinish valve seats. 4. Check rocker arms for wear. Service or replace as necessary. 5. Replace valves & springs in head. 6. Check & adjust valve clearence as necessary

replacing valve seat inserts

A valve seat insert may be badly worn or it may be refinished previously so that there is insufficient metal with either condition, the seat must be replace the old seat removed with a speacilal . An electric drill is then use to drill holes almost through the insert . Then an over size insert installed . It may be necessarly to chill the seat & heat the head before the seat is driven into place. After instalation the valve seat should be ground

valve seat grinding

For effective valve seating & sealinf , the valve face is must be concentric with the valve stem . The valve seats are of two types , 1. The integral type. 2. The insert type.

valve refacing

If the valves are good enough to reuse them. This requires a valve refacing machine. The valve refacer has a grinding wheel coolant delivery system & a chuck which holds the valve for grinding set the chuck to grind the valve face at specific angle to start the operation , align the coolant feed so that it sprays coolant on the rotating valve face. Do not take heavy cuts , if so much metal must be removed that margin is loss , discard the valve.

cylinder valver

Each cylinder has two valves , an intake & exhaust valve . Some high performance engines have four valves per cylinder . Two intake & exhaust valves. Usually, the intake valves is larger than exhaust valves is opened , the only force moving air-fuel mixure into the cylinder is atmospheric preassure when exhaust valve is opened the piston is moving up & there is a high preassure driving the exhaust gases